California: 

Disclosure Requirements for Businesses

• AB 2013 requires AI developers to disclose information on their websites about their training data on or before January 1, 2026, including a high-level summary of the datasets used in the development of the AI system or service. (Civ. Code, § 3110 et seq.)

• AB 2905 requires telemarketing calls that use AI-generated or significantly modified synthetic marketing to disclose that use. (Pub. Util. Code, § 2874.)

• SB 942 places obligations on AI developers, starting January 1, 2026, to make free and accessible tools to detect whether specified content was generated by generative AI systems. These developers are required to offer visible markings on AI-generated content to identify it as such and other detection features. (Bus. & Prof. Code, § 22757 et seq.)

Unauthorized Use of Likeness in the Entertainment Industry and Other Contexts

• AB 2602 requires that contracts authorizing the use of an individual’s voice and likeness in a digital replica created through AI technology include a “reasonably specific description” of the proposed use and that the individual be represented by legal counsel or by a labor union. Absent these requirements, the contract is unenforceable, unless the uses are otherwise consistent with the terms of the contract and the underlying work. (Lab. Code, § 927.)

• AB 1836 prohibits the use of a deceased personality’s digital replica without prior consent within 70 years of the personality’s death, imposing a minimum $10,000 fine for the violation. A deceased personality is any natural person whose name, voice, signature, photograph, or likeness has commercial value at the time of that person’s death, or because of that person’s death. (Civ. Code, § 3344.1.)

Use of AI in Election and Campaign Materials

• AB 2355 requires any campaign advertisements generated or substantially altered using AI to include the following disclosure: “Ad generated or substantially altered using artificial intelligence.” (Gov. Code, § 84504 et seq.)

• AB 2655 requires that large online platforms (with at least one million California users) develop and implement procedures using state-of-the-art techniques to identify and remove certain materially deceptive election-related content—deepfakes—during specified periods before and after elections in California. It also requires certain additional content be labeled as manipulated, inauthentic, fake, or false during a longer period of time around elections in California. Platforms must provide an easy mechanism for California users to report the prohibited materials. (Code. Civ. Proc., § 35; Elec. Code, § 20510.)

Expanded Prohibitions and Reporting of Exploitative Uses of AI

• AB 1831 and SB 1381 expand existing criminal prohibitions on child pornography to include the use of AI in the creation of visual depictions of the sexual abuse and exploitation of children. (Pen. Code, §§ 311, 311.2, 311.3, 311.4, 311.11, 311.12, 312.3.)

• SB 926 extends criminal penalties to the creation of nonconsensual pornography using deepfake technology. (Pen. Code, § 647.)

• SB 981 requires social media platforms to provide a mechanism for California users to report sexually explicit digital identity theft or deepfake pornography. (Bus. & Prof. Code, § 22670 et seq.)

Supervision of AI Tools in Healthcare Settings

• SB 1120 requires health insurers to ensure that licensed physicians supervise the use of AI tools that make decisions about healthcare services and insurance claims. (Health & Saf. Code, § 1367.01; Ins. Code, § 10123.135.)

 

Colorado: Artificial Intelligence Act (2024)

 

Connecticut: Draft Act Concerning Artificial Intelligence (the Connecticut Regulatory Sandbox)

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European Union: Regulation 2024/1689 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence... (The EU AI Act)

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Montana: Right to Compute Act (2025)

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​Texas: Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act TRAIGA (2025)

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for more information on U.S. legislation, see also NCSL Summary